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Adolescent Scoliosis

• Scoliosis is defined as a sideways curve of the spine. A normal spine appears straight when viewed from behind, whereas a spine affected by scoliosis looks like an “S” or “C” when viewed from behind.

Arthritis: MP Joint

• The most common arthritic condition affecting the MP joints is rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis at the Base of the Thumb

• Arthritis at the base of the thumb is more common in women and usually starts after age 40. The cause of this form of arthritis is unknown in most cases.

Amputation and Prosthetics

• Amputation is the complete removal of an injured or deformed body part. Prosthetics are surgically implanted or otherwise artificial replacement limbs or body parts.

Acquired Adult Flatfoot Deformity

• Also known as Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction, flatfoot deformity is a chronic condition where the soft tissues on the inside of the foot & ankle are subjected to repetitive load bearing during walking and standing.

Ankle Sprains

• Patients typically describe an episode where they roll their ankle to the inside, which creates tearing of the ligaments on the outside aspect of the ankle. Patients typically have significant pain and swelling, and usually limp.

Ankle Instability

• Often, patients with ankle instability can be treated without surgery by strengthening the muscles that control the ankle joint, avoiding high risk activities, and using a supportive brace or shoe to decrease the risk of recurrent sprains.

Ankle Fractures

• Ankle fracture and foot fractures (jones, lisfranc, talus, calcaneus, navicular, metatarsal) occur when one or both of the bones making up the top part of the ankle joint are broken.

Achilles Tendonitis

• Achilles tendonitis is characterized by pain and swelling in the Achilles tendon.

Achilles Tendon Rupture

• The Achilles is the largest and strongest tendon in the body. It is subject to two to three times body weight during normal walking, so regaining normal Achilles tendon function is critical.